1.
HNO3 = acid tare => Ca = [H+]
Cm = md/miuxVs = 0,315/63x0,5 = 0,01 M
=> Cm = Ca (conc. acidului) = [H+]
stim ca pH = -lg[H+] = -lg(Ca) = -lg(10x10^-2) = -(-2) = 2
=> pH = 2
2.
NaOH = baza tare => Cb = [HO-]
Cm = md/miuxVs = 0,012/40x0,3 = 0,001 M
=> Cm = Cb (conc. bazei) = [HO-]
stim ca pOH = -lg[HO-] = -lg(Cb) = -lg(10x10^-3) = -(-3) = 3
=> pOH = 3
stim ca pH + pOH = 14 => pH = 14-3 = 11
=> pH = 11